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Academic Expressions

Formal expressions for academic writing and speaking, useful for IELTS and TOEFL essays.

154 expressions found

a double-edged sword

Something that has both positive and negative effects at the same time.

B2 Academic Phrase Academic Idioms
hit the nail on the head

To describe exactly what is causing a problem or situation.

C1 Academic Phrase Academic Idioms
think outside the box

To think creatively, in a way that is different from usual approaches.

B2 Academic Phrase Academic Idioms
in the long run

Over a long period of time in the future.

B2 Academic Phrase Time & Sequence
in the short run

Over a short period of time in the near future.

B2 Academic Phrase Time & Sequence
at the end of the day

Ultimately; when everything is considered.

B2 Academic Phrase Time & Sequence
pave the way for

To create the conditions that make something possible in the future.

C1 Academic Phrase Cause & Effect
lay the foundation for

To create the basic conditions necessary for future development.

C1 Academic Phrase Cause & Effect
a matter of time

Something that is certain to happen eventually.

B2 Academic Phrase Time & Sequence
in terms of

Used to specify the particular aspect being discussed.

B2 Academic Phrase Addition & Examples
with regard to

Concerning; in relation to.

C1 Academic Phrase Addition & Examples
in addition to

As well as; besides.

B1 Academic Phrase Addition & Examples
in contrast to

Used to show a difference between two things.

B2 Academic Phrase Comparison & Contrast
as a result

Used to introduce the outcome of something previously mentioned.

B1 Academic Phrase Cause & Effect
as a consequence

Used to introduce an effect that follows from something previously mentioned.

B2 Academic Phrase Cause & Effect
due to

Because of.

B1 Academic Phrase Cause & Effect
owing to

Because of.

B2 Academic Phrase Cause & Effect
regardless of

Without being affected or influenced by something.

B2 Academic Phrase Comparison & Contrast
in spite of

Despite; without being prevented by something.

B1 Academic Phrase Comparison & Contrast
despite the fact that

Although it is true that.

B2 Academic Phrase Comparison & Contrast
by and large

Used to summarize a general impression, considering everything.

C1 Academic Phrase Degree & Hedging
for the most part

Mostly, in most cases.

B2 Academic Phrase Degree & Hedging
to a certain extent

Partly, but not completely.

C1 Academic Phrase Degree & Hedging
to some extent

Partly, but not completely, true.

B2 Academic Phrase Degree & Hedging
in some respects

In some ways, though not in every way.

C1 Academic Phrase Degree & Hedging
in this regard

Concerning this particular point.

C1 Academic Phrase Degree & Hedging
in this respect

Concerning this particular aspect.

C1 Academic Phrase Degree & Hedging
from my perspective

Used to introduce a personal opinion or point of view.

B2 Academic Phrase Opinion & Stance
in my view

Used to introduce a personal opinion.

B1 Academic Phrase Opinion & Stance
in my opinion

Used to introduce what the speaker personally believes.

B1 Academic Phrase Opinion & Stance
as far as I am concerned

Used to emphasize a personal opinion.

B2 Academic Phrase Opinion & Stance
as I see it

Used to introduce how the speaker personally views a situation.

B2 Academic Phrase Opinion & Stance
I would argue that

Used to introduce a claim the speaker intends to support.

B2 Academic Phrase Opinion & Stance
it seems to me that

Used to introduce a tentative personal impression or opinion.

B2 Academic Phrase Opinion & Stance
there is no doubt that

Used to state something with strong confidence.

B2 Academic Phrase Opinion & Stance
it is worth noting that

Used to highlight a point the listener/reader should pay attention to.

C1 Academic Phrase Opinion & Stance
it is important to bear in mind

Used to remind the listener/reader of a key point.

C1 Academic Phrase Opinion & Stance
needless to say

Used before stating something considered obvious.

C1 Academic Phrase Opinion & Stance
needless to mention

Used before stating something considered obvious or expected.

C1 Academic Phrase Opinion & Stance
generally speaking

Used to introduce a broad statement that is usually, but not always, true.

B2 Academic Phrase Degree & Hedging
strictly speaking

Used to indicate that something is being said in a precise, technical sense.

C1 Academic Phrase Degree & Hedging
broadly speaking

Used to introduce a general statement, without going into detail.

C1 Academic Phrase Degree & Hedging
on the whole

Considering everything, generally.

B2 Academic Phrase Degree & Hedging
all things considered

After thinking about every relevant factor.

C1 Academic Phrase Degree & Hedging
taking everything into consideration

After thinking carefully about all relevant factors.

C1 Academic Phrase Degree & Hedging
in other words

Used to restate something more simply or clearly.

B1 Academic Phrase Addition & Examples
that is to say

Used to explain or clarify a previous statement.

C1 Academic Phrase Addition & Examples
for instance

Used to introduce a specific example.

B1 Academic Phrase Addition & Examples
for example

Used to introduce a specific example.

A2 Academic Phrase Addition & Examples
such as

Used to introduce examples of something already mentioned.

A2 Academic Phrase Addition & Examples
namely

Used to specify exactly what is meant.

C1 Academic Phrase Addition & Examples
in particular

Used to single out one specific example or point.

B2 Academic Phrase Addition & Examples
above all

Most importantly.

B2 Academic Phrase Addition & Examples
first and foremost

Most importantly, before anything else.

C1 Academic Phrase Addition & Examples
last but not least

Used to introduce a final point that is still important.

B2 Academic Phrase Addition & Examples
in the first place

At the very beginning; originally.

B2 Academic Phrase Addition & Examples
in the first instance

As a first step or in the initial stage.

C1 Academic Phrase Addition & Examples
from time to time

Occasionally.

B1 Academic Phrase Time & Sequence
once in a while

Occasionally.

B1 Academic Phrase Time & Sequence
every now and then

Occasionally.

B2 Academic Phrase Time & Sequence

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